Understanding ENT (Ear, Nose, and Throat) Specialty

 

Otorhinolaryngology (ENT) is a medical specialty dedicated to the diagnosis and treatment of disorders affecting the ears, nose, throat, and related head and neck regions. The ear, nose, and throat form one of the body’s most important sensory systems, responsible for hearing, smell, swallowing, voice production, and balance. Therefore, ENT plays a vital role in our daily health.

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Common ENT Conditions

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Ear-Related Conditions:

• Otitis Media (Middle Ear Infection): An infection inside the ear, common in children, which may cause ear pain, fever, and hearing loss.

• Tinnitus Caused by Common Cold: Ear ringing or pressure imbalance triggered by a cold or flu.

• Earwax Blockage: Excessive buildup of earwax in the ear canal, leading to reduced hearing.

• Hearing Loss: Includes age-related, noise-induced, or sudden hearing impairment.

• Ear Fluid Imbalance (Ménière’s Disease): An inner ear disorder causing recurrent vertigo, tinnitus, hearing loss, and a sensation of fullness in the ear.

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Nose-Related Conditions:

• Sinusitis: Inflammation of the sinus lining, with symptoms including nasal congestion, headache, and facial pain.

• Allergic Rhinitis: Nasal allergy triggered by dust mites, pollen, or other allergens.

• Nasal Polyps: Benign growths in the nasal cavity or sinuses that can cause blockage or loss of smell.

• Deviated Nasal Septum: A crooked nasal septum leading to nasal obstruction, breathing difficulties, or recurrent sinusitis; often requires surgical correction.

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Throat-Related Conditions:

• Vocal Cord Disorders: Such as vocal cord nodules, polyps, or persistent hoarseness.

• Pharyngitis/Laryngitis: Inflammation of the pharynx or larynx, caused by infection or voice overuse.

• Dysphagia (Swallowing Difficulty): Related to problems in the throat or esophagus.

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Other Common Conditions:

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Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA)

Obstructive sleep apnoea is a common condition closely linked to ENT, caused by blockage of the upper airway during sleep.

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• Causes: Excessive relaxation of throat muscles during sleep, leading to narrowing or complete closure of the airway. Common contributing factors include enlarged tonsils, large tongue base, or deviated nasal septum.

• Symptoms: Loud snoring, repeated breathing pauses during sleep, waking up tired, excessive daytime sleepiness, and poor concentration.

• Treatment: Lifestyle changes (weight loss, side-sleeping), use of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) machines, or surgical correction of airway obstruction (e.g., tonsillectomy or nasal surgery).

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Tumours and Head & Neck Conditions

• Head and Neck Tumours: Can be benign or malignant, occurring in the nasal cavity, larynx, tonsils, or thyroid. Symptoms include persistent hoarseness, swallowing difficulty, or neck lumps. Early diagnosis and treatment are critical for better outcomes.

• Laryngeal Cancer: Malignant tumour of the larynx, strongly associated with smoking and heavy alcohol use. Symptoms include voice changes, swallowing difficulties, and chronic throat pain.

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Honser Medical Centre – ENT Services

Honser Medical Centre provides professional ENT diagnostic and treatment services, led by experienced specialist doctors who create personalized treatment plans for each patient. Our services include:

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• ENT examination and endoscopic procedures

• Hearing tests and assessments

• Allergy testing and management

• Surgical treatment and post-operative rehabilitation programs

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For appointments or inquiries, please feel free to contact us.